AUTHOR=Mazzotta Elvio , Fiorda Diaz Juan , Echeverria-Villalobos Marco , Eisinger Gregory , Sprauer Sarah , Singha Arindam , Lyaker Michael R. 

TITLE=Case report: Disseminated herpes simplex virus 1 infection and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis after immunomodulatory therapy in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.1053012

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2022.1053012

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=<p>Corticosteroids and immunomodulatory therapies are widely used to treat patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors such as tofacitinib have been recently studied as adjuvants in the treatment of COVID-19. Although immunomodulatory therapies may be linked to decreased mortality rates in the acute phase, subsequent severe infectious complications may result from them. We describe a case of a multiorgan system failure secondary to disseminated primary herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) following treatment with tofacitinib and high-dose dexamethasone therapy for severe COVID-19. Early diagnosis and treatment of these life-threatening conditions may have a significant impact on COVID-19 patients’ outcomes.</p>