AUTHOR=Chen Zhangling , Xiao Ying , Qian Yu , Lin Qiurong , Xiang Zhaoyu , Cui Lipu , Sun Jiaqi , Li Sicong , Qin Xinran , Yang Chenhao , Zou Haidong 

TITLE=Incidence and Risk Factors of Dry Eye in Children and Adolescents With Diabetes Mellitus: A 3-Year Follow-Up Study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.760006

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2021.760006

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Purpose:</bold> To investigate the incidence and risk factors of dry eye in children with diabetes mellitus (DM) over a period of 3 years.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> Children and adolescents with DM (age: 3–14 years) from the Shanghai Children and Adolescent Diabetes Eye (SCADE) study cohort who did not have dry eye in January 2018 were followed-up for 3 years and re-examined in January 2021, and the incidence rate and risk factors for dry eye were calculated.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> Forty children and adolescents with DM came for follow-up in 2021. Nine of them were diagnosed with dry eye, resulting in a 3-year incidence rate of 22.5% and an annual mean incidence rate of 7.5% for dry eye. Univariate regression analysis confirmed that decreased corneal sensation (OR [Odds Ratio] = 25.60; 95%CI [Confidence Interval] = 1.31~501.69; <italic>P</italic> = 0.03) was the risk factor for dry eye incidence. Long course of DM (OR = 1.80; 95%CI = 0.96~3.38; <italic>P</italic> = 0.07), eye pain (OR = 12.27; 95%CI = 0.65~231.48; <italic>P</italic> = 0.09), and dry eye in parents (OR = 15.99; 95%CI = 0.76~337.75; <italic>P</italic> = 0.08) may interfere with the incidence of dry eye in them.</p><p><bold>Conclusions:</bold> The incidence of dry eye in children and adolescents with DM is high.</p>