AUTHOR=Kang You-Ri , Kim Kun-Hee , Nam Tai-Seung , Lee Kyung-Hwa , Kang Kyung Wook , Lee Seung-Jin , Choi Seok-Yong , Chandrasekaran Gopalakrishnan , Kim Myeong-Kyu 

TITLE=Fulminant Course of Neuromyelitis Optica in a Patient With Anti-MDA5 Antibody-Positive Dermatomyositis: A Case Report

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=7

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2020.576436

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2020.576436

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=<p>Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (anti-MDA5) antibody is a myositis-specific marker detected in clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (DM). DM with anti-MDA5 antibody can be accompanied by rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD) and other autoimmune disorders. Until now, only one case of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) with anti-MDA5-positive DM has been reported worldwide, in which the patient achieved a favorable outcome with intensive immunotherapy. We report a case of NMO in a patient with anti-MDA5-positive DM complicated by ILD and rheumatoid arthritis. Our patient experienced a fulminant course of NMO, rather than RP-ILD, in the presence of hyperferritinemia, which resulted in profound neurological sequelae despite immunotherapy including rituximab.</p>