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REVIEW article

Front. Med. Technol.
Sec. Nano-Based Drug Delivery
Volume 6 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmedt.2024.1413637
This article is part of the Research Topic Microbial Therapeutics: Harnessing the Human Microbiome for Disease Treatment and Prevention View all articles

Celiac disease gut microbiome studies in the third millennium: reviewing the findings and gaps of available literature

Provisionally accepted
Vanessa C. C. Luz Vanessa C. C. Luz Sonia Gonçalves Pereira Sonia Gonçalves Pereira *
  • Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, School of Health, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Leiria, Portugal

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy, caused by the ingestion of minute amounts of gluten, in a subset of genetically predisposed individuals. Onset occurs at different ages and with variable symptoms. Gut microbiome may contribute to this variability. Current review intends to provide an overview of the available research on celiac disease gut microbiome and identify the gaps in knowledge that can be useful to guide future studies. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Protocols-Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, four electronic databases were searched for literature from January 2000 to July 2023 addressing celiac disease gut microbiome characterization using next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches. From the 489 publications retrieved, 48 publications were selected and analysed, focusing on sample characterization (patients, controls and tissues) and methodologies used for NGS microbiome analysis and characterization. Majority of the selected publications regarded children and adults, and 4 were randomized clinical trials. Number of participants per study greatly varied and were typically low. Feces were the most frequently tested sample matrix and duodenal samples were analysed in one third of the studies. Incomplete and diverse information on the methodological approaches and gut microbiome results was broadly observed. While similar trends regarding some phyla relative abundance, like Pseudomonadota (former Proteobacteria), were detected in some studies, others contradicted those results. The observed high variability of technical approaches and possibly low power and sample sizes may prevent reaching a consensus on celiac disease gut microbiome composition. Standardization of research protocols to allow reproducibility and comparability is required, as interdisciplinary collaborations to further data analysis, interpretation and, more importantly, health outcomes prediction or improvement.

    Keywords: Celiac Disease, gut microbiome, Gut Microbiota, Autoimmunity, next generation sequencing, PRISMA-ScR

    Received: 01 May 2024; Accepted: 29 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Luz and Pereira. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Sonia Gonçalves Pereira, Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, School of Health, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, 2410-541, Leiria, Portugal

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.