Comprehensive Review of Vibration-Assisted Welding Processes: Mechanisms, Applications, and Future Directions

Rajeev Ranjan ¹ Robert Cep ² Dr. ASHWINI KUMAR ^3* Mayank Srivastava ⁴ Faisal Altarazi ⁵ Namrata Dogra ⁶ Ajay Kumar ^7* Subhash Chand ⁸ S P Samal ⁹

• ¹ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sarala Birla University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
• ² Department of Machining, Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czechia
• ³ Research and Development Cell, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies (MRIIRS), Faridabad, Haryana, India
• ⁴ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amity University, Ranchi-834001, JH, India., Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
• ⁵ Jeddah University, Jeddah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
• ⁶ Faculty of Dental Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
• ⁷ Department of Mechanical Engineering, JECRC University, Jaipur, India
• ⁸ Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIMT University, Meerut-250001, UP, India., IIMT University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
• ⁹ Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering. Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, India, Chennai, India

The objective of this review paper is to provide a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the various aspects of vibration-assisted welding (VAW), focusing on its applications, limitations, future potential, and critical evaluations. This review examines welding processes where vibrations serve as a primary mechanism driving the process. It also explores cases where vibrations act as an auxiliary method to enhance operational efficiency and weld quality. A detailed examination is conducted on the physical mechanisms underlying VAW, along with state-of-the-art developments, experimental studies, technological advancements, and diverse applications across relevant fields such as aerospace, automotive, shipbuilding, and biomedical industries. The analysis highlights the benefits of VAW over conventional welding techniques, including enhanced mechanical properties, refined microstructures, and improved overall weld quality. Given these advantages, vibrations have emerged as a transformative technology in welding, leading to notable advancements in productivity and product performance in the twenty-first century. This paper aims to assess the current state of VAW and outline prospective directions for future research and industrial adoption. Further research is needed to standardize VAW methodologies and optimize process parameters for industrial use.