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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Mater.
Sec. Carbon-Based Materials
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmats.2024.1391066

Irreversible mechanism and thermal cross-radiative flow in nanofluids driven along a stretching/shrinking sheet with the existence of possible turning/critical points

Provisionally accepted
Samia Elattar Samia Elattar 1Umair Khan Umair Khan 2*Aurang Zaib Aurang Zaib 3Anuar Ishak Anuar Ishak 4Norah Alwadai Norah Alwadai 1Hind Albalawi Hind Albalawi 1
  • 1 Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • 2 School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
  • 3 Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology Islamabad, Islamabad, Islamabad CT, Pakistan
  • 4 Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center (UKMMC), Cheras, Malaysia

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The significant increase in thermal efficiency and the rate of energy exchange used in fuel dynamics and automobile coolants are leading to a better understanding of nanofluids. This computational analysis explores the thermal conductivity performance for radiative crossflow of a nanofluid across an expanding/constricting sheet with a suction effect as a result of its application. To compute or calculate the magnificent point of nanofluid flow, the entropy, and asymmetrical heat source/sink effects are also elicited. The boundary layers traverse a stream-wise procedure for expanding and contracting sheets. Additionally, the study examines the features of heat transfer and cross-flow of nanofluids using numerical simulations. By employing similarity variables, the basic PDE equations of the current model are transformed into ODEs, and they are subsequently evaluated using the bvp4c method.Therefore, the effects of embedded flow variables on drag force, heat transfer rate, and entropy generation profiles have been framed using parametric research. Multiple solutions are offered for a specific range of the contracting parameter as well as the mass suction parameter. In addition, the heat transfer rate accelerates due to the heat source and decelerates due to the heat sink. The literature that is already published has been compared favorably, and it reveals many commonalities.

    Keywords: Cross flow, Entropy generation, expanding/contracting sheet, Irregular heat source/sink, Nanofluid

    Received: 24 Feb 2024; Accepted: 23 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Elattar, Khan, Zaib, Ishak, Alwadai and Albalawi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Umair Khan, School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.