AUTHOR=Kakimoto Yasuhiro , Tero Ryugo TITLE=Supported Lipid Bilayers of Escherichia coli Extracted Lipids and Their Calcium Dependence JOURNAL=Frontiers in Materials VOLUME=5 YEAR=2018 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/materials/articles/10.3389/fmats.2018.00048 DOI=10.3389/fmats.2018.00048 ISSN=2296-8016 ABSTRACT=

Formation of supported lipid bilayer (SLB) and additional structures of Escherichia coli (E. coli) lipids were investigated with fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Ca2+ in the aqueous phase with concentration above 2 mM was necessary for the formation of SLB. Additional lipid structures, string-like structures, the second lipid bilayer, and multilayer stacking appeared on the first layer SLB depending on Ca2+ concentration. The bridging effect of Ca2+ between the negatively charged E. coli lipid bilayers and substrate is the dominant factor determining the two-dimensional and three-dimensional morphology of the E. coli lipid bilayer membranes.