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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Mar. Sci.
Sec. Marine Pollution
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmars.2024.1530807
This article is part of the Research Topic Impact of Heavy Metal on Aquatic Life and Human Health View all 7 articles

Concentration-dependent effect of norfloxacin on iron toxicity in the intestine of large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea (Richardson, 1846)

Provisionally accepted
Lin Zeng Lin Zeng 1,2*Yong-Hong Wang Yong-Hong Wang 2Chunxiang Ai Chunxiang Ai 3Bin Liu Bin Liu 4Min-Hui Yu Min-Hui Yu 3Hui Zhang Hui Zhang 5Fei Li Fei Li 6
  • 1 Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
  • 2 College of Food and Biological Engineering, Bengbu University, Bengbu, China
  • 3 State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
  • 4 Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
  • 5 National Engineering Research Center for Marine Culture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China
  • 6 College of Fishery Economics, Tangshan Maritime Institute, Tangshan, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    This study explores the effects of norfloxacin (NOR) on oxidative damage, iron (Fe) transport, energy metabolism, and immunotoxicity in the intestine of large yellow croaker under Fe stress. The fish were subjected to Fe (180 μg/L), low-dose NOR (1.8 μg/L, LNOR), high-dose NOR (180 μg/L, HNOR), Fe plus LNOR, and Fe plus HNOR for 60 days. These results demonstrated that Fe alone exposure increased malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carboxylation (PC), and mortality rate, and impaired intestinal tissue, which was related to the increment of Fe accumulation. Compared to Fe alone exposure, Fe plus LNOR exposure decreased MDA, PC, and mortality rate, and alleviated intestinal malformations by improving Fe transport, energy metabolism, anti-inflammatory response, and protein folding protective effect, and reducing pro-inflammatory response, indicating that LNOR had an antagonistic effect on Fe toxicity. Compared to Fe alone exposure, Fe plus HNOR exposure elevated MDA, PC, and mortality rate, and deteriorated intestinal malformations by inhibiting Fe excretion, energy metabolism, anti-inflammatory response, and protein folding protective effect, and enhancing pro-inflammatory response, indicating a synergetic effect between HNOR and Fe stress. These findings suggested that NOR had a dose-dependent effect on Fe-toxicity to large yellow croaker, which contributes to revealing the molecular mechanisms behind their interaction and its ecological implications.

    Keywords: Iron exposure, Norfloxacin, NF-κB, HSP, Larimichthys crocea

    Received: 19 Nov 2024; Accepted: 24 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Zeng, Wang, Ai, Liu, Yu, Zhang and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Lin Zeng, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China

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