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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Mar. Sci.
Sec. Ocean Observation
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmars.2024.1461696
This article is part of the Research Topic Demonstrating Observation Impacts for the Ocean and Coupled Prediction View all 14 articles

Evaluation of Sea Surface Temperature from Ocean Reanalysis Products over the North Indian Ocean

Provisionally accepted
Raheema Rahman Raheema Rahman 1,2Hasibur Rahaman Hasibur Rahaman 3*
  • 1 Ministry of Earth Sciences, Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Hyderabad, India
  • 2 KUFOS-INCOIS Joint Research Centre, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, Kerala, India
  • 3 Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Hyderabad, India

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Ocean and sea-ice reanalyses (ORAs, or ocean syntheses) are reconstructions of the ocean and seaice states using an ocean model integration constrained by atmospheric surface forcing and ocean observations via a data assimilation method. Ocean reanalyses are a valuable tool for monitoring and understanding long-term ocean variability at depth, mainly because this part of the ocean is still largely unobserved. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) is the key variable that drives the air-sea interaction process on different time scales. Despite improvements in model and reanalysis schemes, ocean reanalyses show errors when evaluated with independent observations. The independent evaluation studies of sea surface temperature (SST) from ocean reanalysis over the Indian Ocean are limited. In this study, we evaluated the SST from 10 reanalysis products (ECCO, BRAN, SODA, NCEP-GODAS, GODAS-MOM4p1, ORAS5, CGLORS, GLORYS2V4, GLOSEA and GREP) and five synthetic observation products (COBE, ERSST, OISST, OSTIA, HadISST) and pure observation based product AMSR2 for 2012-2017 with twelve (12) in-situ buoy observations (OMNI) over the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal. Even though the reanalysis and observational products perform very well in the open ocean, the performance is poorer near the coast and islands. The reanalysis products perform comparatively better than most of the observational products. The COBE and OISST performed better among the observational products in the northern Indian Ocean. GODAS-MOM4p1 performed best among the reanalysis products, often surpassing the observational products. ECCO shows poorer performance and higher bias in the Bay of Bengal. Comparing the BRAN daily and monthly SST, the monthly SST performance of reanalysis is better than the daily time scale.

    Keywords: sea surface temperature, Ocean reanalysis, Indian Ocean, Inter-comparison, buoy observation

    Received: 08 Jul 2024; Accepted: 08 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Rahman and Rahaman. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Hasibur Rahaman, Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Hyderabad, India

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.