AUTHOR=Zhang Benjuan , Liu Renju , Xu Haiming , Zhao Sufang , Wang Jiannan , Shao Zongze 

TITLE=Bacterial diversity in the biofilms on mariculture polystyrene foam at Xiamen’s coast

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Marine Science

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/marine-science/articles/10.3389/fmars.2024.1409399

DOI=10.3389/fmars.2024.1409399

ISSN=2296-7745

ABSTRACT=<p>Expanded polystyrene (EPS), commonly used as floating material in mariculture, could be a significant source of coastal PS waste. Prolonged floating in seawater leads to the formation of dense biofilms, which could disperse into the oceanic environment and spread to water bodies even the seabed as EPS deteriorates into microplastics. To understand the bacterial community structure in EPS surface biofilms, this study employed high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the biofilms on EPS foams used in offshore mariculture aside Xiamen. Analysis of 24 biofilm samples from different seasons revealed significant differences in bacterial community structures. However, we have identified the core groups of the EPS biofilm, including <italic>Flavobacteriaceae</italic>, <italic>Rhodobacteraceae</italic>, <italic>Halomonadaceae</italic>, <italic>Exiguobacteriaceae</italic>, <italic>Vibrionaceae</italic>, and <italic>Pseudoalteromonadaceae</italic>. The <italic>Halomonadaceae</italic> and <italic>Exiguobacteriaceae</italic> are particularly attracted to the subtropical EPS material. In addition, groups with potential of degrading PS were identified, such as <italic>Alcanivorax</italic>, <italic>Pseudomonas</italic>, <italic>Acinetobacter</italic>, <italic>Exiguobacterium</italic>, <italic>Brevundimonas</italic>, and <italic>Bacillus</italic>, as well as the potential fish pathogen <italic>Acinetobacter johnsonii</italic>. The microbial biofilms formed on floating EPS demonstrate high diversity and are strongly influenced by environmental conditions. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the interactions of bacteria in the biofilm with widely used and dispersed floating materials in the oceans.</p>