AUTHOR=Wang Yan , Xiao Jing , Cheng Xiao , Wei Qiang , Tang Ning TITLE=Underwater acoustic signal classification based on a spatial–temporal fusion neural network JOURNAL=Frontiers in Marine Science VOLUME=11 YEAR=2024 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/marine-science/articles/10.3389/fmars.2024.1331717 DOI=10.3389/fmars.2024.1331717 ISSN=2296-7745 ABSTRACT=

In this paper, a novel fusion network for automatic modulation classification (AMC) is proposed in underwater acoustic communication, which consists of a Transformer and depth-wise convolution (DWC) network. Transformer breaks the limitation of sequential signal input and establishes the connection between different modulations in a parallel manner. Its attention mechanism can improve the modulation recognition ability by focusing on the key information. DWC is regularly inserted in the Transformer network to constitute a spatial–temporal structure, which can enhance the classification results at lower signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). The proposed method can obtain more deep features of underwater acoustic signals. The experiment results achieve an average of 92.1% at −4 dB ≤ SNR ≤ 0 dB, which exceed other state-of-the-art neural networks.