AUTHOR=Misaki Yuya , Hirashima Tomomi , Fujii Karin , Hirata Asahi , Hoshino Yutaro , Sumiyoshi Miho , Masaki Sachiko , Suzuki Toshihiro , Inada Kuninobu , Koyama Hiroki , Kuniyoshi Hisato , Arakawa Kenji 

TITLE=4-Methoxy-2,2′-bipyrrole-5-carbaldehyde, a biosynthetic intermediate of bipyrrole-containing natural products from the Streptomyces culture, arrests the strobilation of moon jellyfish Aurelia coerulea

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Marine Science

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/marine-science/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1198136

DOI=10.3389/fmars.2023.1198136

ISSN=2296-7745

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Streptomyces</italic> spp. are well-known producers of secondary metabolites with diverse biological activities. We screened the substances that regulate polyp-to-jellyfish transition, called strobilation, of the moon jellyfish (<italic>Aurelia coerulea</italic>) from the <italic>Streptomyces</italic> culture library. Among the culture extracts of the strains tested, <italic>Streptomyces albus</italic> HUT6047 inhibited the strobilation of <italic>A. coerulea</italic>. The active component in strain HUT6047 was purified. Based on structure elucidation, this component was identified as 4-methoxy-2,2′-bipyrrole-5-carbaldehyde (MBC), a possible common biosynthetic intermediate of pyrrole-containing natural products including prodigiosins and tambjamines. Synthetic MBC arrested strobilation without inducing cytotoxicity and generated abnormal tentacle-like structures in a dose-dependent manner. Synthetic MBC also exhibited a minimum activity of 6.3 µM. To our knowledge, this study provides the first example of a biological activity of MBC. </p>