AUTHOR=Liao Minze , Long Xinxin , He Zihao , Zhao Jichen , Chen Xieyan , Zhu Dongwenjun , Sun Chengbo 

TITLE=The effect of “Fishery-PV Integration” on Penaeus monodon culture and research on the micro-ecological environment

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Marine Science

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/marine-science/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.963331

DOI=10.3389/fmars.2022.963331

ISSN=2296-7745

ABSTRACT=<p>“Fishery-photovoltaic (PV) Integration” is a novel aquaculture model that provides enormous potential for aquaculture development. However, research on the aquaculture environment and organisms under the “Fishery-PV Integration” mode is presently sparse. This study investigated <italic>Penaeus monodon</italic> as a model, studying the growth rates of shrimp, water quality conditions, and the micro-ecological environment. After 105 days of rearing, <italic>P. monodon</italic> (initial weight of 0.006 ± 0.001 g) reached an average body weight of 11.69 ± 0.92 g. The water quality was stable (C(<inline-formula><mml:math display="inline" id="im1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>NH</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula>) ≤ 1.57 mg/L) during the experimental period. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that bacterial community structures were significantly distinct among water, effluent and intestinal environments, with a closer relationship between the microbiotas in effluent and water. The dominant phyla present in shrimp intestines, water, and effluent were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, and Bacteroidota. Likewise, <italic>Ralstonia</italic>, <italic>Candidatus Aquiluna</italic>, and <italic>Vibrio</italic> were the dominant genus in the three groups. The relative abundance of <italic>Vibrio</italic> as a common opportunistic pathogen for shrimp was relatively low, which is beneficial to promote the healthy growth of shrimp. The function of the “Fishery-PV Integration” microbiota was investigated using metagenomic technology. Results showed that microorganisms played an essential role in regulating intestinal amino acids, carbohydrate, and energy metabolisms. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) data indicate that <italic>tetH</italic>, <italic>QnrVC6</italic> and <italic>tetX</italic> were dominated ARGs in the intestine. At the same time, the ARGs with the highest relative abundance in the water and effluent groups were <italic>MexL</italic> and <italic>adeF</italic>. Notably, only 123 ARGs were identified within the “Fishery-PV Integration” pond. This outcome is significantly lower than other studies, indicating that shrimp cultured in the “Fishery-PV Integration” pond had a higher level of food safety. The current study describes the characteristics of the microflora and ARGs distribution in the “Fishery-PV Integration” pond for the first time, providing fundamental information for formulating management strategies for the whole microflora to maintain the health of shrimp.</p>