AUTHOR=Iwasa-Arai Tammy , Siqueira Silvana G. L. , Segadilha Juliana L. , Leite Fosca P. P. 

TITLE=The Unique Amphipoda and Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracarida) Associated With the Brown Algae Dictyota sp. From the Oceanic Trindade Island, Southwestern Atlantic, With Biogeographic and Phylogenetic Insights

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Marine Science

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/marine-science/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.641236

DOI=10.3389/fmars.2021.641236

ISSN=2296-7745

ABSTRACT=<p>Oceanic islands are known by their unique evolutionary histories and high endemicity caused by isolation. This is the first survey on the biodiversity of Peracarida from Trindade Island, a volcanic island located about 1,160 km off the Brazilian coast, with the first reports of Tanaidacea from the island and the description of <italic>Synapseudes isis</italic> sp. nov. and three new species of Amphipoda (<italic>Ampithoe thaix</italic><bold>sp. nov.</bold>, <italic>Elasmopus gabrieli</italic><bold>sp. nov.</bold>, and <italic>Eusiroides lucai</italic><bold>sp. nov.</bold>). The results of the phylogenetic analysis of <italic>Synapseudes</italic> based on morphological characters and its biogeography through the Bayesian Binary MCMC analysis (BBM) suggested an Indo-Pacific origin for the genus. Finally, the biodiversity of Trindade Island is compared to that of the Abrolhos Archipelago, the closest islands from the coast on the continental shelf, suggesting a high endemicity of Peracarida, corresponding to 44% of Amphipoda and 50% of Tanaidacea species in the island of Trindade.</p>