Ultrasound-assisted Immunotherapy for Malignant Tumor

XIAOWEN CAI^1,2Yujie Liu²Guosheng Luo¹Zhanwang Yu¹Cheng Jiang¹Chuanshan Xu^3,4,5*

• ¹School of applied biology, Shenzhen City Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518116, China, Shenzhen, China
• ²Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
• ³Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou, China
• ⁴the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
• ⁵School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China

Malignant tumor represents a significant global public health concern. The advent of immunotherapy has brought about a revolutionary shift in the landscape of tumor treatment, offering a ray of hope to patients across the globe. Immunotherapy strategies have demonstrated considerable promise in clinical trials. However, the immunosuppressive environment within the tumor microenvironment has constituted a significant obstacle to the advancement of immunotherapies. It is therefore imperative to develop more efficacious and personalised approaches. The utilisation of non-invasive ultrasoundassisted immunotherapy represents a promising strategy. Ultrasound has the capacity to induce an immune response and stimulate other drugs to achieve a specific response, thereby reducing the toxic side effects of treatment and enhancing the outcome of immunotherapy. This paper presents a systematic introduction to the various mechanisms related to ultrasound and reviews the recent advancements of ultrasound-assisted tumor immunotherapy, including ultrasonic ablation, combined application with contrast agents, and sonodynamic therapy.