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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Disorders : Autoimmune Disorders
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1541165
This article is part of the Research Topic Antibody-Mediated Thrombotic Disease View all articles
Anti-β2 glycoprotein domain 1 antibody as a diagnostic marker for antiphospholipid syndrome and a predictor of thrombosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Provisionally accepted- Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
Anti-β2 glycoprotein I domain 1 (anti-β2GPI-D1) antibodies have shown promise as diagnostic and prognostic markers for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), but their clinical significance remains uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of anti-β2GPI-D1 for APS and its association with thrombotic risk. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase up to July 18, 2024. Eighteen studies (2,060 APS patients and 3,013 controls) were included in the diagnostic analysis, revealing a pooled sensitivity of 52% (95% CI 46%-58%) and specificity of 95% (95% CI 88%-98%). Anti-β2GPI-D1 demonstrated strong diagnostic value in distinguishing APS from other autoimmune diseases and healthy individuals, though its utility in differentiating APS from aPL carriers was limited. Additionally, five prospective cohort studies (210 APS patients, 430 aPL carriers, and 42 SLE patients) showed that anti-β2GPI-D1 was associated with an increased risk of thrombosis (pooled RR 1.75, 95% CI 1.07-2.87).Our findings suggest that anti-β2GPI-D1 offers high specificity and moderate sensitivity for APS diagnosis and may serve as a predictor of thrombosis.
Keywords: Antiphospholipid Syndrome, anti-β2 glycoprotein I domain 1 antibody, Thrombosis, Meta-analysis, Diagnostic accuracy
Received: 07 Dec 2024; Accepted: 28 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Li, Chen, Feng, Zhao, Liu and Jiang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Yongmei Jiang, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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