ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Viral Immunology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1540676
Simultaneously Ultrasensitive and Differential Detection of SARS-CoV-2, Adenovirus and Influenza A Virus using Multiplex Fluorescence Lateral Flow Immunoassay
Provisionally accepted
- 1Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
- 2Air Force General Hospital PLA, Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China
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The rapid and precise differential diagnosis of respiratory diseases is crucial to impede the spread of the viruses, considering the substantial demand resulting from frequent co-infections. A quantum dot nanobeads (QBs)-based multiplex fluorescence lateral flow immunoassay (QBs-based MF-LFA) biosensor was developed. The MF-LFA biosensor enabled simultaneous and sensitive quantification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Adenovirus (ADV), and Influenza A Virus (IAV), boasting low limit of detection (LOD) of 56, 120, and 41 copies/mL, respectively.Compared to colloidal gold LFA, the LOD was improved by 200, 417, and 1220 times, respectively, while maintaining sensitivity comparable to PCR techniques. The biosensor provided results within 20 minutes, exhibited good reproducibility, and boasted high accuracy with recoveries ranging from 96% to 105%. Additionally, the biosensor had a shelf life of up to 8 months, attributed to the use of freezedried probes with minimal water content, ensuring enhanced stability. Clinical samples of SARS-CoV-2, ADV and IAV infections were tested, the results were consistent with both PCR testing and clinical diagnostic tests. This highlights the considerable potential of our biosensor for early and rapid differential detection of respiratory viruses.
Keywords: Lateral flow immunoassay, Quantum dot nanobeads, respiratory viruses, SARS-CoV-2, Differential detection
Received: 06 Dec 2024; Accepted: 17 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Li, Zhao, Hou, Sun, Liu, Ding, Fang and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Yi Fang, Air Force General Hospital PLA, Beijing, 100142, Beijing Municipality, China
Qiqi Liu, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.