ESCRT may function as a tumor biomarker, transitioning from pan-cancer analysis to validation within Breast cancer

晓睿 陈 ^1,2 Xue-ying Tan ² Zong-liang Zang ³ Wei-qing Song ^2* jiangshui yuan ^2*

• ¹ Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, China
• ² Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
• ³ The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China

Background: Studies show ESCRT genes impact cell aging, immune environment, and tumors; BRCA was used to explore their effect on tumor prognosis and therapy.Methods: Using the data sets of Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genome-Tissue Expression Plan (GTEX), human protein mapping (HPA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), R software package, bioinformatics methods were used to mine the potential carcinogenic effects of ESCRT, including the expression level, prognostic value and immune value of ESCRT in various types of tumor tissues; subsequently, the potential function of ESCRT family genes was further verified in breast cancer.Results: ESCRT showed significant differential expression in various cancers, such as bladder urothelial carcinoma, liver, cervical, renal, esophageal, and head and neck cancers (P < 0.05). Abnormal ESCRT expression is associated with poor prognosis in a variety of cancers, such as adrenocortical carcinoma, bladder-urothelial carcinoma, breast cancer, and cervical cancer (P < 0.05). The expression level of ESCRT was significantly associated with that of immune cell infiltration and modulation of stromal / immune score (all P < 0.05). The enrichment analysis showed that ESCRT is associated with immune-related functions and transport signaling pathways in various tumor cells. Moreover, ESCRT serves as an early diagnostic marker for several tumors and is significantly associated with its prognosis. It confirms that ESCRT is a gene associated with most of the immune-infiltrating cells in pan-carcinoma. Together, studies also highlight the importance of the ESCRT family gene VPS37D in breast cancer initiation, progression, and immune response.Conclusion: This study highlights ESCRT's potential in tumor detection via pan-cancer analysis, showing expression variations between tumor and normal tissues, its role in cancer progression through the immune microenvironment, and its specificity and sensitivity in detection. The VPS37D gene, with significant variation in breast cancer, predicts patient prognosis and relates to the tumor microenvironment, suggesting ESCRT as a novel biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis assessment.