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REVIEW article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy
Volume 16 - 2025 |
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1525052
Prospect of Extracellular Vesicles in Tumor Immunotherapy
Provisionally accepted- 1 Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- 2 Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- 3 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- 4 Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), as cell-derived small vesicles, facilitate intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment (TME) by transporting biomolecules. EVs from different sources possess varied contents, demonstrating differentiated functions that can either promote or inhibit cancer progression. Thus, regulation to the formation, secretion and intake of EVs becomes a new strategy for cancer intervention. Advancements in EV isolation techniques have spurred interest in EV-based therapies, particularly for tumor immunotherapy. This review explores the multifaceted functions of EVs from various sources in tumor immunotherapy, highlighting their potential in cancer vaccines and adoptive cell therapy. Furthermore, we explore the prospects of EVs as nanoparticle delivery systems in tumor immunotherapy. Finally, we discuss current state of EVs in clinic condition and future directions, aiming to provide crucial information to advance the development and clinical application of EVs for cancer treatment.
Keywords: extracellular vesicles, Nanotechnology, Tumor immunotherapy, Drug Delivery & Targeting, immunotherapy combined therapy
Received: 08 Nov 2024; Accepted: 28 Jan 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Xia, Tan, Liu, Xie and Zhu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Na Xie, Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
Huili Zhu, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan Province, China
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