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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Immunol.
Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1511453
This article is part of the Research Topic Gastric Cancer: Individualized Immunotherapeutic Approaches and Biomarker-Driven Strategies View all 8 articles

Multiple programmed cell death patterns predict the prognosis and drug sensitivity in gastric cancer

Provisionally accepted
Qiying Song Qiying Song Shihe Liu Shihe Liu Di Wu Di Wu Aizhen Cai Aizhen Cai *
  • Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor with poor prognosis. The diverse patterns of programmed cell death (PCD) are significantly associated with the pathogenesis and progression of GC, and it has the potential to serve as prognostic and drug sensitivity indicators for GC.The sequencing data and clinical characteristics of GC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and GEO databases. LASSO cox regression method was used to screen feature genes and develop the PCD score (PCDS). Immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression, Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm and drug sensitivity analysis were used to explore immunotherapy response. By integrating PCDS with clinical characteristics, we constructed and validated a nomogram that demonstrated robust predictive performance.We screened nine PCD-related genes (SERPINE1, PLPPR4, CDO1, MID2, NOX4, DYNC1I1, PDK4, MYB, TUBB2A) to create the PCDS. We found that GC patients with high PCDS experienced significantly poorer prognoses, and PCDS was identified as an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in immune profile between high PCDS and low PCDS groups. Additionally, drug sensitivity analysis indicated that patients with a high PCDS may exhibit resistance to immunotherapy and standard adjuvant chemotherapy regimens; however, they may benefit from the FDA-approved drug Dasatinib. Conclusion: Overall, we confirmed that the PCDS is a prognostic risk factor and a valuable predictor of immunotherapy response in GC patients, which provides new evidence for the potential application of GC.

    Keywords: gastric cancer, program cell death, prognosis, Immunotherapy, drug sensitivity

    Received: 15 Oct 2024; Accepted: 15 Jan 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Song, Liu, Wu and Cai. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Aizhen Cai, Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.