AUTHOR=Ruan Dandan , Hu Tingting , Yang Xuefan , Mo Xiaohui , Ju Qiang TITLE=Lactate in skin homeostasis: metabolism, skin barrier, and immunomodulation JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology VOLUME=16 YEAR=2025 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1510559 DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2025.1510559 ISSN=1664-3224