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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Immunol.
Sec. Viral Immunology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1487284
This article is part of the Research Topic Animal-borne viral disease: Pathogenesis, Innate immunity, Acquired immunity, and Novel vaccine development View all 4 articles

Detection of Viral Antigen and Inflammatory Mediators in Fatal Pediatric Dengue: A Study on Lung Immunopathogenesis

Provisionally accepted
Leandro Junqueira Moragas ¹ ‡ Leandro Junqueira Moragas ¹ ‡ 1Laíza Vianna Arruda Laíza Vianna Arruda 2Lucca De Lima Siqueira Oliveira Lucca De Lima Siqueira Oliveira 1Felipe Andrade Felipe Andrade 2Natália Gedeão Salomão Natália Gedeão Salomão 1Jemima Fuentes Ribeiro da Silva Jemima Fuentes Ribeiro da Silva 2Carlos Alberto Basílio-de-Oliveira Carlos Alberto Basílio-de-Oliveira 3Rodrigo Panno Basilio-de-Oliveira Rodrigo Panno Basilio-de-Oliveira 3Ronaldo Mohana Borges Ronaldo Mohana Borges 4Caio Gonçalves Azevedo Caio Gonçalves Azevedo 2Gabriela Xavier de Oliveira Gabriela Xavier de Oliveira 2Jorge José Carvalho Jorge José Carvalho 2Fernando Colonna Rosman Fernando Colonna Rosman 3Marciano Viana Paes Marciano Viana Paes 1Kíssila Rabelo Kíssila Rabelo 2*
  • 1 Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Paraná, Brazil
  • 2 Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
  • 3 Pathological Anatomy, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Paraná, Brazil
  • 4 Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The dengue virus (DENV) is the etiological agent that causes dengue fever illness, an arbovirus with a major endemic potential that has become increasingly prevalent in Brazil and has already been associated with fatal cases in children. DENV has tropism for several organs, including lungs causing pulmonary complications. The aim of this article was to evaluate the inflammatory and histopathological profile of the lung tissue of three fatal cases of children infected with DENV, which represents a group more susceptible to fatality due to its incomplete development. Histopathological analysis was carried out using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and special stains. While the characterization of the inflammatory response and cellular expression was done by marking the viral protein, macrophages, lymphocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The results confirm that vascular dysfunctions such as hemorrhage, vascular congestion and edema associated with a mononuclear PAGE \* Arabic \* MERGEFORMAT 4 infiltrate were observed in all three cases. In addition, the presence of viral replication and increased expression of inflammatory markers were also observed. Such findings contribute to the study and description of dengue, especially its effects on lung tissue.

    Keywords: Dengue Virus, Children, histopathology, Lung, Inflammation

    Received: 27 Aug 2024; Accepted: 13 Jan 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Junqueira Moragas ¹ ‡, Arruda, Siqueira Oliveira, Andrade, Salomão, da Silva, Basílio-de-Oliveira, Basilio-de-Oliveira, Mohana Borges, Azevedo, de Oliveira, Carvalho, Rosman, Paes and Rabelo. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Kíssila Rabelo, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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