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REVIEW article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Inflammation
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1480292
The Extracellular Vesicle-Based Treatment: A Developing Strategy for Periodontal Diseases
Provisionally accepted- China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease, is characterized by irreversible bone resorption, persistent attachment loss, and even ultimate tooth loss. The individual quality of life and the public burden of health are greatly impacted by the destruction of periodontal tissue and the lack of effective treatment. Exploration into how the inflammatory and damaged structure changes into the healthy and regenerative tissue is one of the most fascinating subjects in this field. A novel approach is the application of a nanoparticle, extracellular vesicle, which originates from natural or engineered cells. To further exploit its full potential, scientists have conducted massive studies into its biological and functional mechanisms. This review provides an overview of current extracellular vesicle-based treatments on periodontal diseases. It begins with summarizing the history of periodontal regeneration. Then, this article takes a general overview of extracellular vesicle's biological characteristics, structure and current achievements. After that, we discussed extracellular vesicle's function in periodontium. In addition, this study also embraces a diverse range of extracellular vesicle-based strategies, a general workflow for EVs' periodontal application. Finally, the challenges and prospects of the extracellular-based therapy have been discussed.
Keywords: extracellular vesicles, Periodontitis, Periodontitis treatment, periodontal regeneration, extracellular vesicle-based strategies 1. Introduction
Received: 13 Aug 2024; Accepted: 15 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Zhang, Gao and Lin. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Li Lin, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.