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CASE REPORT article

Front. Immunol.
Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1519055
This article is part of the Research Topic Precision Immunotherapy and Novel Target Discovery in Hematological Malignancy View all 5 articles

The first case of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with chemotherapy followed by anti-CD7 CAR-T cells using retroviral vector

Provisionally accepted
Huanhuan Zhou Huanhuan Zhou 1Zhu Wenxiang Zhu Wenxiang 2Qihong Ma Qihong Ma 3Ning Liu Ning Liu 1*Mengdi Jin Mengdi Jin 1*Yaru Feng Yaru Feng 3*Lijun Zhao Lijun Zhao 3*Rongyou Li Rongyou Li 3*Huaxiu Li Huaxiu Li 3*Rui Sun Rui Sun 3*Yuanyuan Shi Yuanyuan Shi 3*Zhi Guo Zhi Guo 1,4,5*Jianxun Wang Jianxun Wang 3*Liqiong Liu Liqiong Liu 1*
  • 1 Department of Hematology, The sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
  • 2 Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
  • 3 Shenzhen Cell Valley Biomedical Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, China
  • 4 NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
  • 5 School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hebei Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    CD7-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy has shown great promise in the treatment of relapsed/refractory T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). In this study, we reported a case of a 34-year-old male patient with T-ALL who finally developed multi-line drug resistance and refractoriness after multiple lines of high-intensity chemotherapy. After physician evaluation, this patient received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Then, the patient remained in complete remission (CR) for four months before a relapse with 26.64% chimerism rate, so he was treated with allogeneic anti-CD7 CAR-T cells after chemotherapy reducing the tumor burden. The CAR-T product was a novel anti-CD7 CAR-T based on retroviral vectors (RV). After infusion, tThe patient achieved CR within 1 month after anti-CD7 CAR-T infusion and the remission has been ongoing for 9 months to date. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) 1 was experienced while no immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) was found. In addition, CAR copy number peaked at 350, 758 copies/μg on day 6. This was the first case report of clinical treatment of T-ALL with anti-CD7 CAR-T cells prepared using a retroviral vector without gene editing and combined with chemotherapy, which demonstrated that the RV-based anti-CD7 CAR-T cells had good therapeutic effect and high safety in triple-refractory T-ALL patients.

    Keywords: T-ALL, CD7 CAR-T, chemotherapy, Retroviral vectors, Complete remission

    Received: 29 Oct 2024; Accepted: 27 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Zhou, Wenxiang, Ma, Liu, Jin, Feng, Zhao, Li, Li, Sun, Shi, Guo, Wang and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Ning Liu, Department of Hematology, The sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
    Mengdi Jin, Department of Hematology, The sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
    Yaru Feng, Shenzhen Cell Valley Biomedical Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, China
    Lijun Zhao, Shenzhen Cell Valley Biomedical Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, China
    Rongyou Li, Shenzhen Cell Valley Biomedical Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, China
    Huaxiu Li, Shenzhen Cell Valley Biomedical Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, China
    Rui Sun, Shenzhen Cell Valley Biomedical Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, China
    Yuanyuan Shi, Shenzhen Cell Valley Biomedical Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, China
    Zhi Guo, NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, 621000, China
    Jianxun Wang, Shenzhen Cell Valley Biomedical Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, China
    Liqiong Liu, Department of Hematology, The sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China

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