Skip to main content

REVIEW article

Front. Immunol.
Sec. Microbial Immunology
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1513983
This article is part of the Research Topic Microbial Dysbiosis and Immune Dysregulation in Periodontitis and Peri-Implantitis View all 5 articles

Pathogenic mechanisms and potential applications of extracellular vesicles from periodontal pathogens in periodontitis

Provisionally accepted
Ruiqing Zhang Ruiqing Zhang 1*Guoliang Li Guoliang Li 2Yingtao Wu Yingtao Wu 1*Xiaoxuan Wang Xiaoxuan Wang 3*Qing Xian Luan Qing Xian Luan 3*
  • 1 Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
  • 2 The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
  • 3 Department of Periodontology, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease characterized by chronic destruction of the periodontal supporting tissues and is closely associated with the dysbiosis of the plaque biofilm. It is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are released from bacteria, which range in size from 20 to 400 nm. These vesicles contain various components derived from their parent bacteria, including nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and other molecules, which facilitate functions such as molecular transfer, metabolic regulation, bacterial interactions, biofilm formation, and immune modulation. BEVs participated in the pathophysiological process of periodontitis. Recently emerging evidence also showed that the contents of EVs in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (miRNAs, mRNAs, and proteins) could be used as potential biomarkers for periodontitis. While most current research focuses on humanderived components, much less is known about BEVs. Therefore, this review introduces the formation mechanisms and components of BEVs related to periodontitis.Then, this review summarizes the current information about the mechanism, the diagnostic and theraputic value of periodontal pathogen-derived extracellular vesicles in the development of periodontitis. Furthermore, the future challenges of exploring the role of BEVs in periodontitis are also discussed.

    Keywords: periodontal pathogen, Periodontitis, Bacterial extracellular vesicles, outer membrane vesicles, Periodontitis pathogenesis, BEVs application

    Received: 19 Oct 2024; Accepted: 03 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Zhang, Li, Wu, Wang and Luan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Ruiqing Zhang, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
    Yingtao Wu, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
    Xiaoxuan Wang, Department of Periodontology, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, Beijing Municipality, China
    Qing Xian Luan, Department of Periodontology, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, Beijing Municipality, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.