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CASE REPORT article

Front. Immunol.
Sec. Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Disorders : Autoimmune Disorders
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1510097

Ofatumumab Successfully Treats Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-associated Disease Accompanied by Epstein-Barr Viral Infection: A Case Series

Provisionally accepted
Min Chen Min Chen Zhuajin Bi Zhuajin Bi Peidong Liu Peidong Liu Ruoyu Li Ruoyu Li Ju Liu Ju Liu Hongbo Liu Hongbo Liu *
  • First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) caused by pathogenic immunoglobulin G antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein is a rare demyelinating disease of the central nerve system (CNS). The clinical phenotypes of MOGAD include acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, optic neuritis, and transverse myelitis. At present, the mechanism underlying the disease is unknown. Herein, we report two cases of MOGAD accompanied by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Both presented inflammation response in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), demonstrating elevated level of cell accounts and protein. EBV genomic sequence was also detected in the CSF samples. The patients recovered substantially after 3 months following a combination treatment with methylprednisolone and immunosuppressive therapy with ofatumumab. These cases provide new insight into the production of MOG-IgG and the possible pathological mechanisms underlying MOGAD. The cases also confirm the association with EBV, a virus that infects human B cells and has been proposed to be a trigger for MOGAD. This is the first report on subcutaneous ofatumumab treatment for MOGAD triggered by EBV, suggesting that this is a potentially valuable therapeutic option.

    Keywords: MOG-IgG associated encephalitis, Epstein-Barr virus, Ofatumumab, neuron damage, case report

    Received: 12 Oct 2024; Accepted: 13 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Chen, Bi, Liu, Li, Liu and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Hongbo Liu, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China

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