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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Immunol.
Sec. Inflammation
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1509188
This article is part of the Research Topic Lipid Influence on Lung Immune-Structural Cell Crosstalk: Implications for Respiratory Health View all 4 articles

LIPOXIN A4 LEVELS CORRELATE WITH SEVERITY IN A SPANISH COVID-19 COHORT: POTENTIAL USE OF ENDOGENOUS PRO-RESOLVING MEDIATORS AS BIOMARKERS

Provisionally accepted
Sergio Sánchez-García Sergio Sánchez-García 1Rafael I Jaén Rafael I Jaén 1Roberto Lozano-Rodríguez Roberto Lozano-Rodríguez 2José Avendaño Ortiz José Avendaño Ortiz 2Alejandro Pascual-Iglesias Alejandro Pascual-Iglesias 2Laura Hurtado Navarro Laura Hurtado Navarro 2Eduardo López-Collazo Eduardo López-Collazo 2Lisardo Bosca Lisardo Bosca 1*Patricia Prieto Patricia Prieto 3*
  • 1 Sols-Morreale Biomedical Research Institute (IIBM), Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Madrid, Spain
  • 2 Instituto de investigación Hospital la paz IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain, MADRID, Spain
  • 3 Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus of the COVID-19 global pandemic, leads to a wide variety of responses among patients. Some of them present a very severe phenotype, while others only experience mild symptoms or are even asymptomatic. This differential prognosis is tightly related to the inflammatory status of the patient. Although WHO declared the end of the emergency, the pandemic caused a great sociosanitary impact in all countries. Thus, the possible outbreak of new biological diseases in the future makes it necessary to deepen the knowledge of this uncontrolled immune response and look for reliable biomarkers to help us predict its potential health impact. Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) as lipoxins are endogenous mediators synthesized from arachidonic acid in the resolution stage of any inflammatory process. These lipids have pro-resolving actions in several pathological models, including reducing NF-κB-mediated inflammation, and inducing the antioxidant response through the Nrf-2 pathway. Thus, although a potential relationship has already been suggested between low levels of SPMs and COVID-19 severity, their true role as a predictive biomarker is still unknown.In this study, we have analyzed by ELISA the serum levels of lipoxin A4 (LXA4) in a representative Spanish cohort. We found reduced levels in deceased patients when compared to mild or severe patients, concomitant with a decrease in the LXA4 biosynthetic pathway and an increase in its degradation pathway. Furthermore, we have studied the correlation between the levels of this SPM and several pathology indicators, finding a significant correlation between increased LXA4 levels and a better prognosis of the patients.We propose to measure systemic LXA4 as a new promising biomarker to predict the survival in patients affected by SARS-CoV-2 and presumably to other viruses that can affect humanity in the future.

    Keywords: COVID, pulmonary disease, Cytokine storm, lipoxin, biomarker

    Received: 10 Oct 2024; Accepted: 27 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Sánchez-García, Jaén, Lozano-Rodríguez, Avendaño Ortiz, Pascual-Iglesias, Hurtado Navarro, López-Collazo, Bosca and Prieto. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Lisardo Bosca, Sols-Morreale Biomedical Research Institute (IIBM), Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Madrid, Spain
    Patricia Prieto, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.