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REVIEW article

Front. Immunol.
Sec. Inflammation
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1469696
This article is part of the Research Topic Interactions between Immune and Non-Immune Cells View all articles

Mesenchymal stem cell application in pulmonary disease treatment: Emphasis on interaction with lung-resident immune cells

Provisionally accepted
Ali Hazrati Ali Hazrati 1Seyed mohammad javad Mirarefin Seyed mohammad javad Mirarefin 2*Kosar Malekpour Kosar Malekpour 3Arezoo Rahimi Arezoo Rahimi 2*Arezoo Khosrojerdi Arezoo Khosrojerdi 4*Ashkan Rasouli Ashkan Rasouli 5*Susan Akrami Susan Akrami 1*Sara Soudi Sara Soudi 2*
  • 1 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • 2 Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Alborz, Iran
  • 3 Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, Iran
  • 4 Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, South Khorasan, Iran
  • 5 Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, Iran

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Due to the vital importance of the lungs, lung-related diseases and their control are very important. Severe inflammatory responses mediated by immune cells are among the leading causes of lung tissue pathology and damage during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, uncontrolled immune cell responses can lead to lung tissue damage in other infectious and noninfectious diseases. It is essential to control immune responses in a way that leads to homeostasis. Immunosuppressive drugs only suppress inflammatory responses and do not affect the homeostasis of reactions. The therapeutic application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), in addition to restoring immune homeostasis, can promote the regeneration of lung tissue through the production of growth factors and differentiation into lung-related cells. However, the communication between MSCs and immune cells after treatment for pulmonary diseases is essential, and their investigation can help develop a clinical perspective. Different studies in the clinical phase showed that MSCs can reverse fibrosis, increase regeneration, promote airway remodeling, and reduce damage to lung tissue. The proliferation and differentiation potential of MSCs is one of the mechanisms of their therapeutic effects. Also, they can secrete exosomes that affect the function of lung cells and immune cells and change their function. Another important mechanism is that MSCs reduce harmful inflammatory responses through communication with innate and adaptive immune cells, which leads to a shift in the immune system toward regulatory and hemostatic responses.

    Keywords: pulmonary disease, Inflammation, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Exosomes, immune cells, Immunomodulation

    Received: 24 Jul 2024; Accepted: 01 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Hazrati, Mirarefin, Malekpour, Rahimi, Khosrojerdi, Rasouli, Akrami and Soudi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Seyed mohammad javad Mirarefin, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 331-14115, Alborz, Iran
    Arezoo Rahimi, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 331-14115, Alborz, Iran
    Arezoo Khosrojerdi, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, 97179-64151, South Khorasan, Iran
    Ashkan Rasouli, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 198396-3113, Tehran, Iran
    Susan Akrami, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
    Sara Soudi, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 331-14115, Alborz, Iran

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.