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REVIEW article

Front. Immunol.
Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1460437
This article is part of the Research Topic Immunotherapeutic Strategies to Target Cancer Stem Cells: State of the Art in Basic Research to Clinical Application View all 4 articles

Finding Potential Targets in Cell-based Immunotherapy for Handling the Challenges of Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Provisionally accepted
Maria Kavianpour Maria Kavianpour 1,2*Amir Hossein Kheirkhah Amir Hossein Kheirkhah 2Sina Habibi Sina Habibi 3Mohammad Hasan Yousefi Mohammad Hasan Yousefi 4Sara Mehri Sara Mehri 5Bin Ma Bin Ma 6,7Mahshid Saleh Mahshid Saleh 8
  • 1 Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • 2 Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Alborz, Iran
  • 3 Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Alborz, Iran
  • 4 Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Alborz, Iran
  • 5 Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Alborz, Iran
  • 6 Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
  • 7 Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
  • 8 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hostile hematological malignancy under great danger of relapse and poor long-term survival rates, despite recent therapeutic advancements. To deal with this unfulfilled clinical necessity, innovative cell-based immunotherapies have surfaced as promising approaches to improve anti-tumor immunity and enhance patient outcomes. In this comprehensive review, we provide a detailed examination of the latest developments in cell-based immunotherapies for AML, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, T-cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T-cell therapy, and natural killer (NK) cell-based therapies. We critically evaluate the unique mechanisms of action, current challenges, and evolving strategies to improve the efficacy and safety of these modalities. The review emphasizes how promising these cutting-edge immune-based strategies are in overcoming the inherent complexities and heterogeneity of AML. We discuss the identification of optimal target antigens, the importance of mitigating on-target/off-tumor toxicity, and the need to enhance the persistence and functionality of engineered immune effector cells. All things considered, this review offers a thorough overview of the rapidly evolving field of cell-based immunotherapy for AML, underscoring the significant progress made and the ongoing efforts to translate these innovative approaches into more effective and durable treatments for this devastating disease.

    Keywords: Acute Myeloid Leukemia, cell therapy, Immunotherapy, CAR-T cell, TCR-T cell, Natural Killer cell

    Received: 06 Jul 2024; Accepted: 29 Aug 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Kavianpour, Hossein Kheirkhah, Habibi, Yousefi, Mehri, Ma and Saleh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Maria Kavianpour, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.