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REVIEW article

Front. Immunol.
Sec. Alloimmunity and Transplantation
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1455691
This article is part of the Research Topic The future direction toward immunological issues of allo-and xeno-islet transplantation View all 11 articles

Cutting Edge of Immune Response and Immunosuppressants in Allogeneic and Xenogeneic Islet Transplantation

Provisionally accepted
Liting Yue Liting Yue 1Jisong Li Jisong Li 1Mingjun Yao Mingjun Yao 1Si-Yuan Song Si-Yuan Song 2Xiaoqin Zhang Xiaoqin Zhang 1Yi Wang Yi Wang 1*
  • 1 Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
  • 2 Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    As an effective treatment for diabetes, islet transplantation has garnered significant attention and research in recent years. However, immune rejection and the toxicity of immunosuppressive drugs remain critical factors influencing the success of islet transplantation. While immunosuppressants are essential in reducing immune rejection reactions and can significantly improve the survival rate of islet transplants, improper use of these drugs can markedly increase mortality rates following transplantation. Additionally, the current availability of islet organ donations fails to meet the demand for organ transplants, making xenotransplantation a crucial method for addressing organ shortages. This review will cover the following three aspects: 1) the immune responses occurring during allogeneic islet transplantation, including three stages: inflammation and IBMIR, allogeneic immune response, and autoimmune recurrence; 2) commonly used immunosuppressants in allogeneic islet transplantation, including calcineurin inhibitors (Cyclosporine A, Tacrolimus), mycophenolate mofetil, glucocorticoids, and Bortezomib; and 3) early and late immune responses in xenogeneic islet transplantation and the immune effects of triple therapy (ECDI-fixed donor spleen cells (ECDI-SP) + anti-CD20 + Sirolimus) on xenotransplantation.

    Keywords: Islet Transplantation, immune response, Immunosuppressants, xenotransplantation, allogenic and xenogenic islet transplantation

    Received: 27 Jun 2024; Accepted: 27 Aug 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Yue, Li, Yao, Song, Zhang and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Yi Wang, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.