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BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT article

Front. Immunol.
Sec. Alloimmunity and Transplantation
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1455300
This article is part of the Research Topic Enhancing Immune Surveillance and Mitigating Alloreactivity in Transplantation: Approaches in Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Solid Organ Transplants View all articles

Allogenic MSC infusion in kidney transplantation recipients promotes within 4 hours distinct B cell and T cell phenotypes

Provisionally accepted
Sanne H. Hendriks Sanne H. Hendriks 1Sebastiaan Heidt Sebastiaan Heidt 1,2Marlies Reinders Marlies Reinders 2,3Frits Koning Frits Koning 1Cees Van Kooten Cees Van Kooten 1,3*
  • 1 Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
  • 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
  • 3 Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and Transplant Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Infusion of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been proposed as immunemodulatory therapy in solid organ transplantation. The use of allogenic MSCs could improve standardization and allow for direct availability of the product.The nonrandomized phase Ib Neptune clinical trial provided safety and feasibility data on the use of allogenic bone-marrow-derived MSCs, infused in 10 patients at week 25 and 26 post kidney transplantation. Here, we performed detailed analysis on the peripheral blood immune cell composition of these patients up to 52 weeks post transplantation. We used a 40 marker antibody panel with mass cytometry to assess potential effects of MSC therapy on the immune system.We showed minor changes in major immune lineages at week 27, 34 and 52 post kidney transplantation after MSC infusion at week 25 and week 26, confirming previous data with regular flow cytometry. However, in a direct comparison between pre-and post MSC infusion, as soon as 4 hours after MSC infusion, we observed a significant increase in cell numbers of B cell and T cell subsets that shared a unique expression of CD11b, CD11c, CD38, CD39, and Ki-67.Exploring these CD11b + CD11c + CD38 + CD39 + Ki-67 + B cells and T cells in the context of MSC infusion after kidney transplantation may be a promising avenue to better understand the immunological effects of MSC therapy.

    Keywords: Kidney Transplantation, Immunosuppression, Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, Immune Regulation, mass cytometry, Allogenic

    Received: 26 Jun 2024; Accepted: 23 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Hendriks, Heidt, Reinders, Koning and Van Kooten. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Cees Van Kooten, Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, 2300 RC, Netherlands

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.