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MINI REVIEW article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. B Cell Biology
Volume 15 - 2024 |
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1454913
This article is part of the Research Topic B cells and the roles of B cell depleting therapies in autoimmune skin diseases: novel findings, challenges, and future perspective. View all 5 articles
CD19: a promising target for systemic sclerosis
Provisionally accepted- Department of Dermatology, Kanazawa Red Cross Hospital, Japanese Red Cross Society, Kanazawa, Japan
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by immune dysregulation, vascular damage, and fibrosis. B cells play a significant role in SSc through autoantibody production, cytokine secretion, and T cell regulation. Autoantibodies like anti-topoisomerase I and anti-RNA polymerase III are specific to SSc and linked to clinical features such as skin and lung involvement. B cell depletion therapies, particularly anti-CD20 antibodies like rituximab, have shown benefits in treating SSc, improving skin and lung disease symptoms. However, CD19, another B cell marker, is more widely expressed and has emerged as a promising target in autoimmune diseases. CD19-targeted therapies, such as CAR T cells and Uplizna® (inebilizumab), have demonstrated potential in treating refractory autoimmune diseases, including SSc. Uplizna ® offers advantages over rituximab by targeting a broader range of B cells and showing higher efficacy in specific patient subsets. Clinical trials currently investigate Uplizna ® 's effectiveness in SSc, particularly in severe cases. While these therapies offer hope, long-term safety and efficacy remain unknown. SSc is still a complex disease, but advancing B cell-targeted treatments could significantly improve patient outcomes and knowledge about the pathogenesis.
Keywords: systemic sclerosis, Fibrosis, CD19, CD20, therapy
Received: 25 Jun 2024; Accepted: 09 Sep 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 Komura. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Kazuhiro Komura, Department of Dermatology, Kanazawa Red Cross Hospital, Japanese Red Cross Society, Kanazawa, Japan
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