Xiaoli Xia Yixin Wang Minghui Wang Jian Lin Ruiheng Wang Shufeng Xie Yaoyifu Yu Jinlan Long Zixuan Huang Huajian Xian Wenjie Zhang Chaoqun Lu Wenfang Wang ^* Han Liu ^*

• Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

The patient samples procured from the TARGET AML database can be stratified into two subgroups based on the expression levels of immunogenic cell death (ICD) genes: ICD-high and ICD-low. In the ICD-high subtype, there was a notable increase in the abundance of immune cell populations, along with the enrichment of pathways pertinent to the activation of various immune cells. Despite these immunological enhancements, this subgroup demonstrated a poorer prognosis. This phenomenon was consistently observed across various additional AML datasets, leading us to hypothesize that elevated expression of ICD genes does not invariably correlate with a favorable prognosis. Notably, STK10 exhibited elevated expression in AML, was associated with a poor prognosis, and exhibited synchronous expression patterns with ICD genes. Inhibition of STK10 led to the activation of ICD and the induction of an anti-tumor response. Moreover, when combined with other ICD inducers, it produced a synergistic anti-tumor effect. Our results reveal the impact of STK10 on ICD and underscore its key role in initiating ICD.