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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Immunol.
Sec. Inflammation
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1447536
This article is part of the Research Topic Alternative Gene and Cell Therapies​ in Hyperinflammatory Diseases View all 6 articles

Immunomodulatory Properties of Naïve and Inflammation-Informed Dental Pulp Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles

Provisionally accepted

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Mesenchymal stem cell derived extracellular vesicles (MSC EVs) are paracrine modulators of macrophage function. Scientific research has primarily focused on the immunomodulatory and regenerative properties MSC EVs derived from bone marrow. The dental pulp is also a source for MSCs, and their anatomical location and evolutionary function has primed them to be potent immunomodulators. In this study, we demonstrate that extracellular vesicles derived from dental pulp stem cells (DPSC EVs) have pronounced immunomodulatory effect on primary macrophages by regulating the NFκb pathway. Notably, the anti-inflammatory activity of DPSC-EVs is enhanced following exposure to an inflammatory stimulus (LPS). These inhibitory effects were also observed in vivo. Sequencing of the naïve and LPS preconditioned DPSC-EVs and comparison with our published results from marrow MSC EVs revealed that Naïve and LPS preconditioned DPSC-EVs are enriched with anti-inflammatory miRNAs, particularly miR-320a-3p, which appears to be unique to DPSC-EVs and regulates the NFκb pathway. Overall, our findings highlight the immunomodulatory properties of DPSC-EVs and provide vital clues that can stimulate future research into miRNA-based EV engineering as well as therapeutic approaches to inflammation control and disease treatment.

    Keywords: dental pulp stem cells, extracellular vesicles, Inflammation, NFκB Pathway, TNFα

    Received: 11 Jun 2024; Accepted: 31 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Umar, Debnath, Leung, Huang, Lu, Gajendrareddy and Ravindran. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Sriram Ravindran, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, 110062, Delhi, United States

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.