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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. T Cell Biology
Volume 15 - 2024 |
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1445530
This article is part of the Research Topic Follicular Helper T Cells in Immunity and Autoimmunity - Volume II View all 4 articles
Clinical significance of T helper cell subsets in the peripheral blood and bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma
Provisionally accepted- 1 Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, China
- 2 West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- 3 BASIS International School Nanjing, Nanjing, Liaoning Province, China
Background: T helper (Th) cell subsets primarily assist B cells in differentiating into plasma cells in the germinal center. The mechanism of malignant transformation of plasma cells is an important target for the clinical treatment of MM; however, the mechanism remains unclear.Methods: We collected the peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) samples of 33 patients with MM. In addition, the PB was also collected from 25 normal healthy controls (HCs). We analyzed the percentages of Th cell subsets in the PB and BM samples of patients with MM.Results: Tfh/CD4 + were positively correlated with the proportion of myeloma cells in the BM and PB samples (r = 0.592, P = 0.002 and r = 0.510, P = 0.010 respectively), and showed a strong correlation between the BM and PB samples (r = 0.6559, P = 0.0095). In the PB samples, the percentages of Th2/CD4 + and Tfh2/Tfh cells were significantly lower in patients with MM than in HCs (P = 0.00013 and P = 0.0004, respectively), whereas the percentage of Th17/CD4 + and Tfh17/Tfh was significantly higher in newly diagnosed patients with MM than in HCs (P = 0.0037 and P = 0.03, respectively), and all these cells showed a good predictive value for MM (area under the curve [AUC] 0.781, = 0.792, = 0.837, and 0.723 respectively). In the PB samples, all subsets of PD-1 + ICOS -Tfh showed a noticeable downward trend in MM from newly diagnosed to non-remission and remission groups. In contrast, all subsets of PD-1 -ICOS + Tfh increased gradually. Conclusions: Th cell subsets play an important role in the occurrence and development of MM and may provide a fundamental basis for identifying new immunotherapy targets and prognosis.
Keywords: Multiple Myeloma, T helper cells, T follicular helper, chemotherapy, prognosis
Received: 07 Jun 2024; Accepted: 22 Aug 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 Zhang, Zhong, Fan, Mao and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Yi Li, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan Province, China
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