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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Immunol.
Sec. Vaccines and Molecular Therapeutics
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1443137
This article is part of the Research Topic Innovative Strategies for Salmonella Disease Vaccines and Profiling of Their Immunogenicity View all 6 articles

Development and characterization of high-throughput serological assays to measure magnitude and functional immune response against S. Paratyphi A in human samples

Provisionally accepted
Martina Carducci Martina Carducci 1*Luisa Massai Luisa Massai 1Elisa Lari Elisa Lari 2Bianca Semplici Bianca Semplici 2Silvia Grappi Silvia Grappi 2Noshi Maria Noshi Maria 3Elizabeth Jones Elizabeth Jones 3Valentino Conti Valentino Conti 1Pietro Piu Pietro Piu 2Francesco Berlanda Scorza Francesco Berlanda Scorza 1Miren Iturriza- Gómara Miren Iturriza- Gómara 1EMANUELE MONTOMOLI EMANUELE MONTOMOLI 2Andrew Pollard Andrew Pollard 3Simona Rondini Simona Rondini 1Omar Rossi Omar Rossi 1
  • 1 GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health, Siena, Italy
  • 2 Vismederi srl, Siena, Tuscany, Italy
  • 3 Oxford Vaccine Group, Oxford, England, United Kingdom

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Typhoid and Paratyphoid fever cause a global health burden, especially for the children of Southern Asia. The impact of the disease is further exacerbated by the dramatic increase of antimicrobial resistance. While vaccines against Salmonella Typhi have been developed and successfully introduced, an effective vaccine targeting S. Paratyphi A is still lacking. Several efforts are currently ongoing to develop vaccines targeting both S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A. In order to analyze the immune response induced by vaccination and in sero-epidemiological studies, easy to perform and high throughput immunoassays are needed. Here we present the setup and characterization of a customized ELISA assay and of a luminescent-based serum bactericidal assay (L-SBA) to measure the quantity of S. Paratyphi O antigen specific antibodies and their functional activity against S. Paratyphi A. Robust quality control criteria have been put in place both for ELISA and SBA and assays have been fully characterized in terms of quantitation limit, limit of blanks, specificity, linearity and precision. Assays are being employed to analyze samples from clinical trials, enabling the assessment of immunogenicity during clinical vaccine development.

    Keywords: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Serum bactericidal assay (SBA), Human sera, functional assay, Antibodies, Vaccines, enteric fever

    Received: 03 Jun 2024; Accepted: 03 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Carducci, Massai, Lari, Semplici, Grappi, Maria, Jones, Conti, Piu, Berlanda Scorza, Iturriza- Gómara, MONTOMOLI, Pollard, Rondini and Rossi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Martina Carducci, GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health, Siena, Italy

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.