Kawasaki disease (KD) has been considered as the most common required pediatric cardiovascular diseases among the world. However, the molecular mechanisms of KD were not fully underlined, leading to a confused situation in disease management and providing precious prognosis prediction. The disorders of gut microbiome had been identified among several cardiovascular diseases and inflammation conditions. Therefore, it is urgent to elucidate the characteristics of gut microbiome in KD and demonstrate its potential role in regulating intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance and coronary artery injuries.
A total of 96 KD children and 62 controls were enrolled in the study. One hundred forty fecal samples had been harvested from KD patients, including individuals before or after IVIG treatment, with or without early coronary artery lesions and IVIG resistance. Fecal samples had been collected before and after IVIG administration and stored at −80°C. Then, metagenomic analysis had been done using Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform. After that, the different strains and functional differences among comparisons were identified.
First, significant changes had been observed between KD and their controls. We found that the decrease of
These results strongly proved that distinct changes in the gut microbiome of KD and the dysfunction of gut microbiomes should be responsible for the pathogenesis of KD and significantly impact the prognosis of KD.