AUTHOR=Ye Chun , Gao Zi han , Bie Zi-yi , Chen Kai-qin , Lu Fang guo , Wei Ke 

TITLE=MXSGD alleviates CsA-induced hypoimmunity lung injury by regulating microflora metabolism

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1298416

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2023.1298416

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Context</title><p>Ma Xing Shi Gan Decoction (MXSGD) is a traditional remedy for treating lung injuries that was developed by the Typhoid and Fever School of Pharmaceutical Biology. It has antitussive and expectorant effects, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, regulates the body’s immunity, etc.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>The aim of this study is to investigate whether MXSGD can ameliorate cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced hypoimmunity lung injury by regulating microflora metabolism. Methods: Establishment of a model for CsA-induced hypoimmunity lung injury. Using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and LC-MS, the effects of MXSGD on gut flora and lung tissue microecology of mice with CsA-induced hypoimmunity were investigated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>MXSGD was able to preserve lung tissue morphology and structure, reduce serum inflammatory marker expression and protect against CsA-induced lung tissue damage. Compared to the model, MXSGD increased beneficial gut bacteria: <italic>Eubacterium ventriosum group</italic> and <italic>Eubacterium nodatum group</italic>; decreased intestinal pathogens: <italic>Rikenellaceae RC9 intestinal group</italic>; reduced the abundance of <italic>Chryseobacterium</italic> and <italic>Acinetobacter</italic>, promoted the production of <italic>Lactobacillus</italic> and <italic>Streptococcus</italic>, and then promoted the lung flora to produce short-chain fatty acids. MXSGD was able to enhance the expression of serum metabolites such as Americine, 2-hydroxyhexadecanoylcarnitine, Emetine, All-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate, Biliverdin-IX-alpha, Hordatin A and N-demethyl mifepristone in the CsA-induced hypoimmunity lung injury model.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>MXSGD can restore gut and lung microbiota diversity and serum metabolite changes to inhibit inflammation, ameliorate CsA-induced hypoimmunity lung injury.</p></sec>