AUTHOR=Wang Bingduo , Wöhler Aliona , Greven Johannes , Salzmann Rebekka J. S. , Keller Cindy M. , Tertel Tobias , Zhao Qun , Mert Ümit , Horst Klemens , Lupu Ludmila , Huber-Lang Markus , van Griensven Martijn , Mollnes Tom Erik , Schaaf Sebastian , Schwab Robert , Strassburg Christian P. , Schmidt-Wolf Ingo G. H. , Giebel Bernd , Hildebrand Frank , Lukacs-Kornek Veronika , Willms Arnulf G. , Kornek Miroslaw T. 

TITLE=Liquid Biopsy in Organ Damage: small extracellular vesicle chip-based assessment of polytrauma

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1279496

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2023.1279496

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>Despite major advances in medicine, blood-borne biomarkers are urgently needed to support decision-making, including polytrauma. Here, we assessed serum-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) as potential markers of decision-making in polytrauma.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Our Liquid Biopsy in Organ Damage (LiBOD) study aimed to differentiate polytrauma with organ injury from polytrauma without organ injury. We analysed of blood-borne small EVs at the individual level using a combination of immunocapture and high-resolution imaging.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>To this end, we isolated, purified, and characterized small EVs according to the latest Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles (MISEV) guidelines from human blood collected within 24 h post-trauma and validated our results using a porcine polytrauma model.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>We found that small EVs derived from monocytes CD14<sup>+</sup> and CD14<sup>+</sup>CD61<sup>+</sup> were significantly elevated in polytrauma with organ damage. To be precise, our findings revealed that CD9<sup>+</sup>CD14<sup>+</sup> and CD14<sup>+</sup>CD61<sup>+</sup> small EVs exhibited superior performance compared to CD9<sup>+</sup>CD61<sup>+</sup> small EVs in accurately indicating polytrauma with organ damage, reaching a sensitivity and a specificity of 0.81% and 0.97%, respectively. The results in humans were confirmed in an independent porcine model of polytrauma.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>These findings suggest that these specific types of small EVs may serve as valuable, non-invasive, and objective biomarkers for assessing and monitoring the severity of polytrauma and associated organ damage.</p></sec>