AUTHOR=Lindblom Julius , Beretta Lorenzo , Borghi Maria Orietta , PRECISESADS Clinical Consortium , Alarcón-Riquelme Marta E. , Parodis Ioannis , Beretta Lorenzo , Vigone Barbara , Pers Jacques-Olivier , Saraux Alain , Devauchelle-Pensec Valérie , Cornec Divi , Jousse-Joulin Sandrine , Lauwerys Bernard , Ducreux Julie , Maudoux Anne-Lise , Vasconcelos Carlos , Tavares Ana , Neves Esmeralda , Faria Raquel , Brandão Mariana , Campar Ana , Marinho António , Fátima Farinha , Almeida Isabel , Gonzalez-Gay Mantecón Angel , Alonso Ricardo Blanco , Martínez Alfonso Corrales , Cervera Ricard , Rodríguez-Pintó Ignasi , Espinosa Gerard , Lories Rik , De Langhe Ellen , Hunzelmann Nicolas , Belz Doreen , Witte Torsten , Baerlecken Niklas , Stummvoll Georg , Zauner Michael , Lehner Michaela , Collantes Eduardo , Ortega-Castro Rafaela , Aguirre-Zamorano MaAngeles , Escudero-Contreras Alejandro , Castro-Villegas MaCarmen , Ortego Norberto , Fernández Roldán María Concepción , Raya Enrique , Moleón Inmaculada Jiménez , de Ramon Enrique , Quintero Isabel Díaz , Meroni Pier Luigi , Gerosa Maria , Schioppo Tommaso , Artusi Carolina , Chizzolini Carlo , Zuber Aleksandra , Wynar Donatienne , Kovács Laszló , Balog Attila , Deák Magdolna , Bocskai Márta , Dulic Sonja , Kádár Gabriella , Hiepe Falk , Gerl Velia , Thiel Silvia , Rodriguez Maresca Manuel , López-Berrio Antonio , Aguilar-Quesada Rocío , Navarro-Linares. Héctor TITLE=Serum profiling identifies CCL8, CXCL13, and IL-1RA as markers of active disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology VOLUME=14 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1257085 DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2023.1257085 ISSN=1664-3224 ABSTRACT=Introduction

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous disease that presents a challenge for clinicians. To identify potential biomarkers for diagnosis and disease activity in SLE, we investigated a selected yet broad panel of cytokines and autoantibodies in patients with SLE, healthy controls (HC), and patients with other autoimmune diseases (AIDs).

Methods

Serum samples from 422 SLE patients, 546 HC, and 1223 other AIDs were analysed within the frame of the European PRECISESADS project (NTC02890121). Cytokine levels were determined using Luminex panels, and autoantibodies using different immunoassays.

Results

Of the 83 cytokines analysed, 29 differed significantly between patients with SLE and HC. Specifically, CCL8, CXCL13, and IL-1RA levels were elevated in patients with active, but not inactive, SLE versus HC, as well as in patients with SLE versus other AIDs. The levels of these cytokines also correlated with SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) scores, among five other cytokines. Overall, the occurrence of autoantibodies was similar across SLEDAI-2K organ domains, and the correlations between autoantibodies and activity in different organ domains were weak.

Discussion

Our findings suggest that, upon validation, CCL8, CXCL13, and IL-1RA could serve as promising serum biomarkers of activity in SLE.