AUTHOR=Tsai Yi-Giien , Liao Pei-Fen , Hsiao Kai-Hung , Wu Hung-Ming , Lin Ching-Yuang , Yang Kuender D. TITLE=Pathogenesis and novel therapeutics of regulatory T cell subsets and interleukin-2 therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology VOLUME=14 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1230264 DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2023.1230264 ISSN=1664-3224 ABSTRACT=

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous multisystem inflammatory disease with wide variability in clinical manifestations. Natural arising CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in maintaining peripheral tolerance by suppressing inflammation and preventing autoimmune responses in SLE. Additionally, CD8+ regulatory T cells, type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1), and B regulatory cells also have a less well-defined role in the pathogenesis of SLE. Elucidation of the roles of various Treg subsets dedicated to immune homeostasis will provide a novel therapeutic approach that governs immune tolerance for the remission of active lupus. Diminished interleukin (IL)-2 production is associated with a depleted Treg cell population, and its reversibility by IL-2 therapy provides important reasons for the treatment of lupus. This review focuses on the pathogenesis and new therapeutics of human Treg subsets and low-dose IL-2 therapy in clinical benefits with SLE.