AUTHOR=Shen Yiwei , Vanarsa Kamala , Yin Zhihua , Zhang Ting , Castillo Jessica , Dai Min , Zou Linghua , Qin Ling , Wang Jieying , Guo Qiang , Saxena Ramesh , Petri Michelle , Shen Nan , Ye Zhizhong , Mohan Chandra , Ding Huihua 

TITLE=Urine L-selectin reflects clinical and histological renal disease activity and treatment response in lupus nephritis across multi-ethnicity

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1200167

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2023.1200167

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Objective</title><p>There is an urgent need for novel biomarkers in lupus nephritis (LN). We report a non-invasive urinary biomarker, L-selectin, in two independent multi-ethnic cohorts.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>uL-selectin was tested cross-sectionally in a Chinese cohort (n=255) and a US cohort (n=219) of SLE patients and controls using ELISA. A longitudinal cohort includes 20 active Chinese LN patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>uL-selectin was significantly increased in active LN patients compared to active non-renal SLE, inactive LN, inactive non-renal SLE, chronic kidney disease patients, and healthy controls. uL-selectin positively correlated with global and renal disease activities and was significantly associated with histological activity index and chronicity index (CI). Low uL-selectin was an independent predictor for high CI. During follow-up, uL-selectin levels decreased significantly in the complete renal remission group.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>uL-selectin is a novel biomarker of disease activity and renal histopathology in LN across multiple ethnicities. It also reflects treatment response in LN patients during follow up.</p></sec>