AUTHOR=Zhou Kexun , Li Shuo , Zhao Yi , Cheng Ke 

TITLE=Mechanisms of drug resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127071

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127071

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the form of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 have become the frontier of cancer treatment and successfully prolonged the survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). But the efficacy varies among different patient population, and many patients succumb to disease progression after an initial response to ICIs. Current research highlights the heterogeneity of resistance mechanisms and the critical role of tumor microenvironment (TME) in ICIs resistance. In this review, we discussed the mechanisms of ICIs resistance in NSCLC, and proposed strategies to overcome resistance.</p>