AUTHOR=Chen Kaiwen , Li Yanran , Wang Bingran , Yan Xuehan , Tao Yiying , Song Weizhou , Xi Zhifeng , He Kang , Xia Qiang 

TITLE=Patient-derived models facilitate precision medicine in liver cancer by remodeling cell-matrix interaction

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1101324

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2023.1101324

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>Liver cancer is an aggressive tumor originating in the liver with a dismal prognosis. Current evidence suggests that liver cancer is the fifth most prevalent cancer worldwide and the second most deadly type of malignancy. Tumor heterogeneity accounts for the differences in drug responses among patients, emphasizing the importance of precision medicine. Patient-derived models of cancer are widely used preclinical models to study precision medicine since they preserve tumor heterogeneity <italic>ex vivo</italic> in the study of many cancers. Patient-derived models preserving cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions better recapitulate <italic>in vivo</italic> conditions, including patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), precision-cut liver slices (PCLSs), patient-derived organoids (PDOs), and patient-derived tumor spheroids (PDTSs). In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the different modalities used to establish preclinical models for precision medicine in liver cancer.</p>