AUTHOR=Oster Paul , Vaillant Laurie , McMillan Brynn , Velin Dominique 

TITLE=The Efficacy of Cancer Immunotherapies Is Compromised by Helicobacter pylori Infection

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.899161

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2022.899161

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Helicobacter pylori</italic> infects the gastric mucosa of a large number of humans. Although asymptomatic in the vast majority of cases, <italic>H pylori</italic> infection can lead to the development of peptic ulcers gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Using a variety of mechanisms, <italic>H pylori</italic> locally suppresses the function of the host immune system to establish chronic infection. Systemic immunomodulation has been observed in both clinical and pre-clinical studies, which have demonstrated that <italic>H pylori</italic> infection is associated with reduced incidence of inflammatory diseases, such as asthma and Crohn’s disease. The introduction of immunotherapies in the arsenal of anti-cancer drugs has revealed a new facet of <italic>H pylori</italic>-induced immune suppression. In this review, we will describe the intimate interactions between <italic>H pylori</italic> and its host, and formulate hypothtyeses describing the detrimental impact of <italic>H pylori</italic> infection on the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies.</p>