AUTHOR=Soltani Setareh , Mansouri Kamran , Emami Aleagha Mohammad Sajad , Moasefi Narges , Yavari Niloofar , Shakouri Seyed Kazem , Notararigo Sara , Shojaeian Ali , Pociot Flemming , Yarani Reza 

TITLE=Extracellular Vesicle Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.865782

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2022.865782

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic disorder characterized by immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic insulin-producing β-cells. The primary treatment for T1D is multiple daily insulin injections to control blood sugar levels. Cell-free delivery packets with therapeutic properties, extracellular vesicles (EVs), mainly from stem cells, have recently gained considerable attention for disease treatments. EVs provide a great potential to treat T1D ascribed to their regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. Here, we summarize the latest EV applications for T1D treatment and highlight opportunities for further investigation.</p>