AUTHOR=Giral Hector , Franke Vedran , Moobed Minoo , Müller Maja F. , Lübking Laura , James Divya Maria , Hartung Johannes , Kuschnerus Kira , Meteva Denitsa , Seppelt Claudio , Jakob Philipp , Klingenberg Roland , Kränkel Nicolle , Leistner David , Zeller Tanja , Blankenberg Stefan , Zimmermann Friederike , Haghikia Arash , Lüscher Thomas F. , Akalin Altuna , Landmesser Ulf , Kratzer Adelheid TITLE=Rapid Inflammasome Activation Is Attenuated in Post-Myocardial Infarction Monocytes JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology VOLUME=13 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.857455 DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2022.857455 ISSN=1664-3224 ABSTRACT=

Inflammasomes are crucial gatekeepers of the immune response, but their maladaptive activation associates with inflammatory pathologies. Besides canonical activation, monocytes can trigger non-transcriptional or rapid inflammasome activation that has not been well defined in the context of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Rapid transcription-independent inflammasome activation induced by simultaneous TLR priming and triggering stimulus was measured by caspase-1 (CASP1) activity and interleukin release. Both classical and intermediate monocytes from healthy donors exhibited robust CASP1 activation, but only classical monocytes produced high mature interleukin-18 (IL18) release. We also recruited a limited number of coronary artery disease (CAD, n=31) and AMI (n=29) patients to evaluate their inflammasome function and expression profiles. Surprisingly, monocyte subpopulations isolated from blood collected during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from AMI patients presented diminished CASP1 activity and abrogated IL18 release despite increased NLRP3 gene expression. This unexpected attenuated rapid inflammasome activation was accompanied by a significant increase of TNFAIP3 and IRAKM expression. Moreover, TNFAIP3 protein levels of circulating monocytes showed positive correlation with high sensitive troponin T (hsTnT), implying an association between TNFAIP3 upregulation and the severity of tissue injury. We suggest this monocyte attenuation to be a protective phenotype aftermath following a very early inflammatory wave in the ischemic area. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) or other signals trigger a transitory negative feedback loop within newly recruited circulating monocytes as a mechanism to reduce post-injury tissue damage.