AUTHOR=Wang Jinni , Su Ning , Fang Yu , Ma Shuyun , Zhang Yuchen , Cai Jun , Zou Qihua , Tian Xiaopeng , Xia Yi , Liu Panpan , Li Zhiming , Huang He , Huang Huiqiang , Cai Qingqing 

TITLE=Comparison of Chemotherapy Combined With Chidamide Versus Chemotherapy in the Frontline Treatment for Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.835103

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2022.835103

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is featured with a poor survival outcome. China has approved chidamide, an oral novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, for patients diagnosed with relapsed or refractory PTCL.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>We compared the benefit of traditional chemotherapy alone and a combination of chidamide and traditional chemotherapy against newly diagnosed PTCL. Prognostic factors related to progression and survival in patients diagnosed with untreated PTCL were also investigated.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>104 patients with newly diagnosed PTCL were enrolled and divided into chemotherapy (ChT) group and chemotherapy combined with chidamide (ChT+C) group. Survival curves were plotted by the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted with Log-rank test and Cox’s proportional hazard regression. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests were conducted to evaluate factors associated with prognostic differences between ChT and ChT+C groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Compared with patients in ChT group, those in ChT+C group had superior progression-free survival (PFS) (<italic>p</italic>=0.047). However, there was no significantly statistical difference observed between the two groups in overall survival (OS) (<italic>p</italic>=0.212). High IPI scores have a negative relationship with survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that the type of frontline treatment regimen is an independent factor associated with PFS of PTCL patients (<italic>p</italic>=0.045). In the subgroup of patients with high international prognostic index scores (3-5), the HR value for PFS comparing ChT with ChT+C was 4.675. A test of interaction between IPI and treatment showed statistical significance (<italic>p</italic> = 0.037), implying that the benefits of ChT+C are higher for patients with high IPI scores.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>In summary, the combination of ChT and chidamide may provide a promising prospect for patients with newly diagnosed PTCL.</p></sec>