AUTHOR=Chen Rui , Wu Wantao , Chen Si-Yu , Liu Zheng-Zheng , Wen Zhi-Peng , Yu Jing , Zhang Long-Bo , Liu Zaoqu , Zhang Jian , Luo Peng , Zeng Wen-Jing , Cheng Quan 

TITLE=A Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals CLEC5A as a Biomarker for Cancer Immunity and Prognosis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.831542

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2022.831542

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>CLEC5A is a member of the C-type lectin superfamily. It can activate macrophages and lead to a series of immune-inflammation reactions. Previous studies reveal the role of CLEC5A in infection and inflammation diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>Method</title><p>We acquire and analyze data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database, and other comprehensive databases <italic>via</italic> GSCALite, cBioPortal, and TIMER 2.0 platforms or software. Single-cell sequencing analysis was performed for quantifying the tumor microenvironment of several types of cancers.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p><italic>CLEC5A</italic> is differentially expressed in a few cancer types, of which overexpression accompanies low overall survival of patients. DNA methylation mainly negatively correlates with <italic>CLEC5A</italic> expression. Moreover, <italic>CLEC5A</italic> is positively related to immune infiltration, including macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Immune checkpoint genes are significantly associated with <italic>CLEC5A</italic> expression in diverse cancers. In addition, <italic>CLEC5A</italic> expression correlates with mismatch repair (MMR) in several cancers. Tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and neoantigens show a positive association with <italic>CLEC5A</italic> expression in several cancers. Furthermore, <italic>CLEC5A</italic> in cancer correlates with signal transduction, the immune system, EMT, and apoptosis process. The drug sensitivity analysis screens out potential therapeutic agents associated with <italic>CLEC5A</italic> expression, including FR-180204, Tivozanib, OSI-930, Linifanib, AC220, VNLG/124, Bexarotene, omacetaxine mepesuccinate, narciclasine, leptomycin B, PHA-793887, LRRK2-IN-1, and CR-1-31B.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>CLEC5A overexpresses in multiple cancers in contrast to normal tissues, and high CLEC5A expression predicts poor prognosis of patients and immune infiltration. CLEC5A is a potential prognostic biomarker of diverse cancers and a target for anti-tumor therapy.</p></sec>