AUTHOR=Zhang Tian-Ping , Li Rui , Li Hong-Miao , Xiang Nan , Tan Zhen , Wang Guo-Sheng , Li Xiao-Mei 

TITLE=The Contribution of Genetic Variation and Aberrant Methylation of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling Pathway Genes to Rheumatoid Arthritis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.823863

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2022.823863

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling pathway participates in immune regulation of multiple autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We conducted this study to investigate the association of AHR signaling pathway genes (<italic>AHR</italic>, <italic>ARNT</italic>, <italic>AHRR</italic>) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as well as their methylation levels, with RA susceptibility. Nine SNPs (<italic>AHR</italic> gene rs2066853, rs2158041, rs2282885, <italic>ARNT</italic> gene rs10847, rs1889740, rs11204735, <italic>AHRR</italic> gene rs2292596, rs2672725, rs349583) were genotyped <italic>via</italic> improved multiple ligase detection reaction (iMLDR) in 479 RA patients and 496 healthy controls. We used the Illumina Hiseq platform to detect methylation levels of these genes in 122 RA patients and 123 healthy controls. A significant increase in rs11204735 C allele frequency was observed in RA patients when compared to controls. Further, rs11204735 polymorphism was associated with a decreased risk of RA under the dominant model. <italic>ARNT</italic> CCC haplotype frequency was significantly increased in RA patients in comparison to controls. In the <italic>AHRR</italic> gene, rs2672725 GG genotype, G allele frequencies were significantly related to an increased risk of RA and rs2292596, rs2672725 polymorphism were significantly associated with an increased risk of RA under the dominant model, recessive model, respectively. However, no significant association was identified between <italic>AHR</italic> gene polymorphism and RA susceptibility. The <italic>AHR</italic> methylation level in RA patients was significantly higher than the controls, while <italic>AHRR</italic> methylation level was abnormally reduced in RA patients. In addition, <italic>AHRR</italic> rs2672725 genotype distribution was significantly associated with the <italic>AHRR</italic> methylation level among RA patients. In summary, <italic>ARNT</italic> rs11204735, <italic>AHRR</italic> rs2292596, and rs2672725 polymorphisms were associated with RA susceptibility and altered <italic>AHR</italic>, <italic>AHRR</italic> methylation levels were related to the risk of RA.</p>